Factors Affecting CNC Machining Accuracy

The CNC machine is mainly composed of two parts, the CNC component system and the machine processing system. And there are five main factors that affect the machining accuracy, during the actual machining process.

1. Temperature rising of the CNC machine.

During actual machining process, the machine generates heat by itself, due to the motor work, component friction, etc. the temperature of the machine will be rising, so that the components and structural systems will be affected adversely by heating. Such as the phenomenon of tool displacement, parts wear, thermal expansion of parts, and circuit burnout in the machine lead to the reduction of the machining accuracy of the parts. In addition, the temperature of the machine will be risen due to external environmental factors such as heat dissipation conditions, thereby reducing the machining accuracy of the parts.

2. The deviation of machining tool itself and tool wear.

The machining tool has a certain deviation in its production and installation, which will affect the processing accuracy. In the course of use, due to the long-term contact of the tool with the work-piece, the deformation caused by friction and high temperature, etc., the tool will also be worn to different degrees. Of course, when the wear accumulates to a certain degree, it will also have a significant impact on the CNC machining accuracy.

3. The deviation of machined position.

The deviation of actual machined position of the part relative to the designed position, such as verticality, position, radian, symmetry, etc., it is the machine processing deviation due to the gap and elastic deformation caused by the transmission, as well as the friction effect, thereby affecting the processing accuracy.

4. The deviation of processing systems.

The processing system of the CNC machine is composed of multiple subsystems, sub-components, etc., which are assembled in a certain way and work together. Each component and sub-system will produce certain deviation in the actual processing, that is, the system deviation, which will have a certain impact on the processing accuracy.

5. Deformation deviation.

CNC machine is affected by external forces during long-term processing and use, such as clamping force, gravity, friction, etc., which will cause deformation, looseness, elastic deformation, displacement and other deformation phenomena in the processing system of the machine, thereby affecting the processing accuracy.